On the one hand, the power loss of the hydraulic mechanical system will cause a loss of energy and reduce the overall efficiency of the system. On the other hand, this part of the lost energy will be converted into heat energy, which will increase the temperature of the hydraulic oil and deteriorate the oil. Cause the hydraulic equipment to malfunction. Therefore, when designing a hydraulic system, under the premise of meeting the requirements of use, full consideration should be given to reducing the power loss of the system.
First of all, from the perspective of the power source-the pump, considering the diversification of the actuator's working conditions, sometimes the system needs a large flow and low pressure; sometimes a small flow and high pressure are needed. Therefore, it is appropriate to choose a pressure-limiting variable pump, because the flow rate of this type of pump changes with the change of the system pressure. When the system pressure decreases, the flow rate is relatively large, which can satisfy the fast stroke of the actuator. When the system pressure increases, the flow rate decreases accordingly, which can meet the working stroke of the actuator. This can not only meet the working requirements of the actuator, but also make the power consumption more reasonable.
Secondly, if the actuator has a speed regulation requirement, when selecting a speed regulation circuit, it is necessary to meet the speed regulation requirement while minimizing power loss. Common speed control circuits mainly include: throttling speed control circuit, volumetric speed control circuit, volumetric throttle speed control circuit. Among them, the power loss of the throttle speed control loop is large, and the low speed stability is good. The volumetric speed control circuit has neither overflow loss nor throttling loss, which has high efficiency but poor low-speed stability. If you want to meet the requirements of both aspects at the same time, you can use a differential pressure variable pump and a throttle valve to form a volume throttling speed control loop, and make the pressure difference between the two ends of the throttle valve as small as possible to reduce pressure loss.
Third, when hydraulic oil flows through various hydraulic valves, there will inevitably be pressure loss and flow loss. This part of the energy loss accounts for a large proportion of the total energy loss. Therefore, reasonable selection of hydraulics and adjustment of pressure valve pressure are also an important aspect of reducing power loss. The flow valve is selected according to the flow adjustment range in the system and its minimum stable flow can meet the requirements of use. The pressure of the pressure valve should be as low as possible when the hydraulic equipment is working normally.
Fourth, choose hydraulic oil reasonably. When the hydraulic oil flows in the pipeline, it will exhibit viscosity, and when the viscosity is too high, it will generate greater internal friction, causing the oil to heat up and increasing the resistance when the oil flows. When the viscosity is too low, it is easy to cause leakage, which will reduce the volumetric efficiency of the system. Therefore, generally choose the oil with suitable viscosity and good viscosity-temperature characteristics. In addition, when the oil flows in the pipeline, there are pressure loss and local pressure loss along the way. Therefore, when designing the pipeline, try to shorten the pipeline as much as possible while reducing the number of bends.
On the one hand, the power loss of the hydraulic mechanical system will cause a loss of energy and reduce the overall efficiency of the system. On the other hand, this part of the lost energy will be converted into heat energy, which will increase the temperature of the hydraulic oil and deteriorate the oil. Cause the hydraulic equipment to malfunction. Therefore, when designing a hydraulic system, under the premise of meeting the requirements of use, full consideration should be given to reducing the power loss of the system.
